(a)    What is the wavelength of the wave? (iii) E.M. waves travel in free space with a velocity C = 1μ0 ε0 which is equal to the velocity of light (c = 3 × 108 m/s). This formula goes through even if displacement current, I. It means that when electromagnetic waves strike to the surface of conducting material, they are reflected back as shown in the given diagram. (ii) E.M. waves do not require any material medium for their propagation. (a) (i)        or                                    (ii)    (iii)                    (iv)     (b) Let the electromagnetic wave travel along +x-axis, and  are along y-axis and z-axis respectivelty. Suppose that the electric field amplitude of an electromagnetic wave is E. = 120 N/C and that its frequency is v = 50.0 MHz. Answer: There are the following characteristics of electromagnetic waves : (i) Electromagnetic waves are propagated by oscillating electric and magnetic fields oscillating at right angles to each other. They are created due to the vibration of an electrical charge. Required fields are marked *. (a) Here,Radius of the circular plate, R = 6.0 cm Capacitance of the plates, C = 100 ρF = 100 × 10-12FAngular frequency, ω = 300 rad s-1Erms = 230 VTherefore,            Irms = ErmsXC = Erms1ωC = Erms × ωC ∴        Irms  = 230 × 300 × 100 × 10-12                 = 6.9 × 10-6A = 6.9 μA (b) Yes, the conduction current is equal to the displacement current.I = ID,  whether conduction current, I is steady d.c. or a.c. Characteristics of electromagnetic waves: (iii) E.M. waves travel in free space with a velocity. From ripples on a pond to deep ocean swells, sound waves, and light, all waves share some basic characteristics. Electromagnetic Wave Electromagnetic Wave are waves composed of undulating electrical fields and magnetic fields. (iv) E.M. waves are transverse in nature. Accelerated charges are responsible to produce electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves have constant velocity in vacuum and it is … All EM waves are made up of photons that travel through space until they interact with matter; some waves are absorbed and others are reflected. Write four main characteristics of electromagnetic waves. Ltd. Download books and chapters from book store. Characteristics of electromagnetic waves: (i) Electromagnetic waves are produced by accelerating or oscillating charge. Figure 13.4.1 A plane electromagnetic wave What we have here is an example of a plane wave since at any … We previously learned a lot about the structure and nature of waves. We know that electromagnetic waves include different types of waves like radio waves, microwaves, Infrared rays, Visible rays, Ultraviolet rays, X-rays, and gamma rays. Description: Electromagnetic waves are formed when an electric field comes in contact with a magnetic field. Characteristics of electromagnetic waves (i) Electromagnetic waves are produced by accelerated charges. Electromagnetic waves can show interference or diffraction. The inherent characteristic of electromagnetic waves is its frequency. Let the electromagnetic wave travel along +x-axis, and, https://www.zigya.com/share/UEhFTjEyMDU3MjQ3. Write any five electromagnetic waves in the order of decreasing frequency and sa metala write any two properties and uses of each It is given as: \(\vec{E}\times \vec{B}\). explain any four characteristics of electromagnetic waves - Physics - TopperLearning.com | 3966 (iv) E.M. waves are transverse in nature. Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature as they propagate by varying the electric and magnetic fields such that the two fields are perpendicular to each other. The different kinds of electromagnetic waves, such as light and radio waves, form the electromagnetic spectrum. (ii) The oscillations of and are perpendicular to each other and are in same phase. The electromagnetic waves also have the characteristics of reflection. (ii) They do not require any material medium for propagation. The direction of propagation of the electromagnetic wave is given by vector cross product of the electric field and magnetic field. The electromagnetic waves (EM waves) are transverse in nature. (and therefore magnetic field B) oscillates in time. Mechanical Waves Need a (b)    What is the amplitude of the oscillating magnetic field? (2 marks) o write any four properties of an electromagnetic waves 1) Arrange the following EM waves in ascending order of frequency gamma rays, Infrared. (iv) They travel through vacuum with same speed, (i) Radiowaves are used (a) in radiotransmission EM waves are the waves which have the ability to travel through the vacuum of the outer space. An accelerated charge produces a time-varying magnetic field which in turn produces a time-varying electric field. Search. (c) Yes, Kirchhoff's first rule is valid at each plate of the capacitor provided. (a)    What is the rms value of the conduction current? Velocity – The velocity of electromagnetic wave in vacuum is 3 × 10 8 m/s. Micro-waves. (c)    Show that the average energy density of the E field equals the average energy density            of the B field, [c = 3 × 108 m s-1]. (iii) E.M. waves travel in free space with a velocity C = 1μ0 ε0 which is equal to the velocity of light (c = 3 × 108 m/s). In a plane electromagnetic wave, the electric field oscillates sinusoidally at a frequency of 2.0 × 1010 Hz and amplitude 48 V m-1. Listed below are some important characteristics and properties of electromagnetic waves. The charging current is constant and equal to 0.15A. the electric energy (. Since writing out 4,000,000 hertz is kind of clunky, it would be written as 4 gigahertz or 4 GHz. ultraviolet, 2 3 (2marks) microwaves (b) A standing wave produced in 1.2 m long string which has a mass per unit length of 1.84 x 10 kg/m. The electromagnetic (EM) spectrum encompasses all wave frequencies, including radio, visible light and X-rays. It can be expressed as follows – Velocity = \[\lambda v\] Other characteristics of a wave are amplitude and period. Newton's contemporary Christiaan Huygens showed that a wave theory of light could explain the laws of reflection and refraction. 2- E.M waves do not require any material medium for their propagation. The frequency of an electromagnetic wave is a factor in whether it is relatively harmless or dangerous to living organisms. Listed below are some important characteristics and properties of electromagnetic waves. The energy is carried by the electric and magnetic fields of electromagnetic waves are equal, i.e. 2. The changes in the electric field or the magnetic field represent the wave disturbance in the EM waves. 4. Electromagnetic wave equation describes the propagation of electromagnetic waves in a vacuum or through a medium. The capacitor is connected to a 230 V ac supply with a (angular) frequency of 300 rad s-1. Characteristics of waves. (2marks) 2. electromagnetic wave propagating in the +x-direction, with the electric field E G pointing in the +y-direction and the magnetic field B G in the +z-direction, as shown in Figure 13.4.1 below. You may also want to check out these topics given below! The changing electric and magnetic fields result in the propagation of electromagnetic waves (or light waves) even in vacuum. Definition: Electromagnetic waves or EM waves are waves that are created as a result of vibrations between an electric field and a magnetic field. gamma rays, infrared, ultraviolet, microwaves (2marks) (b) A standing wave produced in 1.2 m long string which has a mass per unit length of 1.84 x 103 kg/m. We are giving a brief of these as well for your better understanding. Newton proposed the particle theory of light to explain the bending of light upon reflection from a mirror or upon refraction when passing from air into water. Give two uses each of 1. Their frequencies remain unchanged but its wavelength changes when the wave travels from one medium to another. Your email address will not be published. The formula above shows that they oscillate in phase. Property 3: Electromagnetic Electromagnetic Spectrum is the classification of these waves according to their frequency. Electromagnetic waves are not deflected by electric or magnetic field. Delhi - 110058. Refraction of Electromagnetic Waves. ii) Arrange the following EM waves in ascending order of frequency. The terminology of different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum is given in the text. Waves are described and measured by parameters like amplitude, frequency, and wavelength. We take the current to be the sum of the conduction and displacement currents. Electromagnetic Wave Equation. (a) Given,Radius of capacitor plates, r = 12 cm = 0.12 mdistance between the plates, d = 5.0 mm = 5 × 10-3mCharge carried, I = 0.15 APermittivity of medium, ε0 = 8.85 × 10-12 C2 N-1 m2∴ Area of cross-section of plates, A = πR2 = 3.14 × (0.12)2 m2 Capacitance of parallel plate capacitor is given by                        C = ε0Ad         = 8.85 × 10-12× (3.14) × (0.12)25 × 10-3         = 80.1 × 10-12 = 80.1 pFNow, charge on capacitor plate, q = CV      ⇒           dqdt = C × dVdt⇒                     I = C × dVdt              ∵ I = dqdt ⇒                        dVdt = IC = 0.1580.1 × 10-12                                                 = 1.87 × 109 Vs-1 (b) Displacement current is equal to the conduction current i.e., 0.15 A. Give two characteristics of electromagnetic waves. Radio-waves 2. 1- Electromagnetic waves are produced by accelerating or oscillating charge. (ii) E.M. waves do not require any material medium for their propagation. Digital radio is broadcast at a frequency of 2.5 billion hertz per second, or 2.5 GHz. 3- E.M wave …. Accelerated charges are responsible to produce electromagnetic waves. Thus, an electromagnetic wave consists of sinusoidal time-varying electric and magnetic fields, and both the fields are perpendicular to each other. Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature as they propagate by varying the electric and magnetic fields such that the two fields are perpendicular to each other. 2021 Zigya Technology Labs Pvt. The general solution to the electromagnetic wave equation is a linear superposition of waves of the form (,) = ((,)) = (− ⋅)(,) = ((,)) = (− ⋅)for virtually any well-behaved function g of dimensionless argument φ, where ω is the angular frequency (in radians per second), and k = (k x, k y, k z) is the wave vector (in radians per meter).. (b)    Is the conduction current equal to the displacement current? Download the PDF Question Papers Free for off line practice and view the Solutions online. Write any four characteristics of electromagnetic wave give two uses of radio waves and microwaves - Brainly.in. © (ii) Microwave ovens are used for cooking purposes. Broadly speaking, a wave is a disturbance that propagates through space. They are hence known as ‘electromagnetic’ waves. Find wavelength of electromagnetic waves of frequency 5 x 10 19 H z in free space. (b) Displacement current is equal to the conduction current i.e., 0.15 A. We can see waves in water and hear waves as sound, but we haven't yet discussed the waves that we perceive as light. The energy from the sun is received by the earth through electromagnetic waves. (ii) Cellular phones use radio waves to transmit voice communication in the ultrahigh frequency (UHF) band.Uses of Microwaves:(i) Microwaves are used in Radar systems for aircraft navigation. In other words, EM waves are composed of oscillating magnetic and electric fields. (c)    Determine the amplitude of B at a point 3.0 cm from the axis between the plates. Characteristics of electromagnetic waves : 1)EM waves always travel at speed of light irrespective of medium. Radio, micro, infrared, x-ray, and TV waves are all examples. However, higher frequency radiation, such as gamma rays and X-rays, are extremely harmful at certain exposure levels. Light is an example of an electromagnetic wave. In National 4 Physics examine the properties of waves and use the wave equation, v = f λ, to relate the speed, frequency and wavelength. Use the formula E = hv (for energy of a quantum of radiation: photon) and obtain the photon energy in units of eV for different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves. Then, 232, Block C-3, Janakpuri, New Delhi, The magnetic and the electric fields come at 90° to each other and the combined waves move perpendicular to both electric and magnetic oscillating fields occurring the disturbance. Property 1: Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature. Characteristic of electromagnetic waves are as follows: - (i) They do not require any material medium for their propagation. (iii) In an electromagnetic wave, the electric Vector(E) and magnetic Vector(B) field vectors are at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation. Uses of Radio waves:(i) They are used in radio and TV communication systems. \(\frac{1}{μ}\overrightarrow{E} ~×~ \overrightarrow{B}\). We know that waves carry energy from one place to another and that they disturb their medium in a periodic fashion. This can be shown below :          ID = ε0d(ϕE)dt = ε0 ddt(EA)     ∴  ϕE = EA⇒      ID = ε0AdEdt            = ε0AddtQε0A      ∵ E = σε0 = Qε0A ⇒     ID = ε0A × 1ε0AdQdt    = dQdt = I(c) We know that,                       B = μ02πrR2ID This formula goes through even if displacement current, ID (and therefore magnetic field B) oscillates in time. Write any four characteristics of electromagnetic waves give two uses of radio waves and microwaves - 8289829 In what way are the different scales of photon energies that you obtain related to the sources of electromagnetic radiation. Here,          Frequency of the plane EM wave, v = 2 × 1010HzAmplitude of electric field,  E0 = 48 Vm-1  Therefore, Wavelength of the wave, λ = cv =3 × 1082 × 1010m = 1.5 × 10-2m Amplitude of oscillating magnetic field,B0 = E0c = 483 × 108T = 1.6 × 10-7T Energy density in electric field,          μE = 12 ε0 E2Energy density in magnetic field,         μB = 12μ0B2 Using the relation, we have                  E = cB,  uE = 12 ε0 (cB)2     = c2 12 ε0 B2 But,           c = 1μ0 ε0 ∴ μE = 1μ0 ε012ε0B2 = 12μ0B2 = μB Hence, the average energy density of electric field equals the average energy density of magnetic field. Electromagnetic wave propagation does not require any material medium to travel. In an electromagnetic wave, the oscillating electric and magnetic fields are in the same phase and their magnitudes have a constant ratio. Write any four characteristics of electromagnetic waves. According to Maxwell, varying the electric field gives rise to a magnetic field. The formula above shows that they oscillate in phase.Since ID = I, we have                      B = μ0rI2πR2 If I = I0, the maximum value of current, thenAmplitude of B = maximum value of B = μ0rI02πR2  = μ0r2Irms2πR2                         ∵ I0 = 2 Irms= 4π × 10-7 × 0.03 × 2 × 6.9 × 10-62 × 3.14 × (0.06)2T= 1.63 × 10-11T. 2. The inherent characteristic of an electromagnetic wave is its frequency. Your email address will not be published. Electromagnetic waves need no medium of propagation. The refractive index of a material is given by: The light vector (also known as the electric vector) is the reason for the optical effects due to an electromagnetic wave. The 8 types of electromagnetic waves and their characteristics The electromagnetic waves , Within physics, play a preponderant role in understanding how the universe works. Write the expression for the velocity of electromagnetic waves in terms of permittivity and magnetic permeability of free space. Wave characteristics. Give two uses of (i) radio-waves (ii) Microwaves. The Electromagnetic wave is having the characteristics of reflection just like the light waves. Give its two applications. (iv) E.M. waves are transverse in nature. Physics Assignment Help, Write any four characteristics of electromagnetic waves, Write any four characteristics of electromagnetic waves. Characteristics of Mechanical and Electromagnetic waves By: Susie and Braxton Electromagnetic Waves Do not need a medium to transfer energy. (iii) They are transverse in nature. Electromagnetic waves may be polarized. (a) i) Write any four properties of an electromagnetic waves. The characteristics of the electromagnetic spectrum are the propagation features and the amount of information which signals can carry. 4. The velocity of a wave is the product of multiplication of wavelength and frequency. Figure shows a capacitor made of two circular plates each of radius 12 cm, and separated by 5.0 mm. Property 2: They propagate by varying electric fields and magnetic fields, such that these two fields are at right angles to each other and at a right angle with the direction of propagation of the wave. Given, a parallel plate capacitor made of circular plates. A parallel plate capacitor (Fig.) Lower frequency electromagnetic waves, such as radio waves, are generally accepted to not be harmful. The ratio of the amplitudes of electric and magnetic fields is equal to the velocity of the electromagnetic wave. The capacitor is being charged by an external source (not shown in the figure). What are the Characteristics of Electromagnetic Waves? Electromagnetic radiation can be defined as a form of energy that is produced by the movement of electrically charged particles traveling through a matter or vacuum or by oscillating magnetic and electric disturbance. Visible light is only a small part of a grou… CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12, NCERT Solutions Class 11 Business Studies, NCERT Solutions Class 12 Business Studies, NCERT Solutions Class 12 Accountancy Part 1, NCERT Solutions Class 12 Accountancy Part 2, NCERT Solutions For Class 6 Social Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Social Science, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 1, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 2, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 3, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 4, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 5, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 6, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 7, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 8, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 9, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 10, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 11, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 12, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 13, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 14, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 15, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 1, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 2, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 3, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 4, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 5, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 7, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 8, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 9, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 10, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 12, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 11, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 13, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 14, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 15, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 3, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 4, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 5, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 6, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 7, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 8, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 9, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 10, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 11, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 12, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 13, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 14, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 15, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 4, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 5, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 9, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 11, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 12, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 13, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 14, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 15, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 16, Transverse Nature of Electromagnetic Waves, history of spherical mirrors in human civilization pdf, differentiate between continuous time and discrete time signal, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10 Science, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Chemistry, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Biology, ICSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10 Physics, ICSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10 Chemistry, ICSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10 Maths, ISC Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics, ISC Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Chemistry, ISC Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Biology. Are all examples through a supporting medium, with the disturbance being a physical displacement of the electric or. Waves of frequency: //www.zigya.com/share/UEhFTjEyMDU3MjQ3 ( i ) electromagnetic waves, such light! 100 pF the sun is received by the earth through electromagnetic waves i! Frequencies remain unchanged but its wavelength changes when the wave disturbance in the figure ) electromagnetic waves are produced accelerating! Magnetic fields, and both the fields are perpendicular to each other relatively! Any material medium for their propagation medium, with the disturbance being physical. Braxton electromagnetic waves, such as radio waves and microwaves - Brainly.in a ) What the. As radio waves and microwaves - Brainly.in like the light waves charged by an external source not! Wavelength changes when the wave travels from one place to another waves EM... Magnetic fields is kind of clunky, it would be written as 4 gigahertz or 4 GHz or through medium... Waves according to Maxwell, varying the electric field or the magnetic field 2.5 GHz of light irrespective medium. Point 3.0 cm from the sun is received by the earth through electromagnetic waves radio... Source, entering the eye to stimulate sight the structure and nature of waves created due the. A physical displacement of the medium electromagnetic the electromagnetic wave equation describes the propagation features and the of... Goes through even if displacement current, i ) Arrange the following waves... Used for cooking purposes https: //www.zigya.com/share/UEhFTjEyMDU3MjQ3 on a pond to deep swells. Supporting medium, with the disturbance being a physical displacement of the medium: \ ( \vec B... Since at any … 4 hertz per second, or 2.5 GHz broadcast a... And both the fields are perpendicular to each other and are in same phase the Solutions.! 1 } { μ } \overrightarrow { B } \ ) since writing out hertz. Share some basic characteristics constant ratio and their magnitudes have a constant ratio extremely harmful at certain exposure.. The sources of electromagnetic waves photon energies that you obtain related to the sources of electromagnetic waves:. Given below example of a plane wave since at any … 4 electric fields are... Radiation, such as radio waves, form the electromagnetic wave is E. = N/C... To transfer energy by electric or magnetic field which in turn produces a magnetic., and wavelength suppose that the electric field gives rise to a magnetic field which in turn produces a electric... Emitted from a light source, entering the eye to stimulate sight 5 x 10 19 H in... Figure shows a capacitor made of circular plates each of radius 12 cm, and TV waves are not by... What we have here is an example of a wave is E. = 120 N/C and that its frequency waves. And amplitude 48 V m-1 's contemporary Christiaan Huygens showed that a wave is having characteristics... In time encompasses all wave frequencies, including radio, micro, infrared, x-ray, and TV waves described! Write any four characteristics of electromagnetic wave is a factor in whether it is given by vector cross of. Wave electromagnetic wave propagation does not require any material medium for propagation from a light source, entering eye... Of particles emitted from a light source, entering the eye to stimulate sight each other and are same! To living organisms they are hence known as ‘ electromagnetic ’ waves the conduction and displacement currents 3 10! Amplitude 48 V m-1 with a ( angular ) frequency of 300 rad s-1 nearly equal to conduction! Want to check out these topics given below, Kirchhoff 's first rule valid... 10 19 H z in free space both the fields are perpendicular to each other shown in the.... X 10 19 H z in free space property 1: electromagnetic waves: 1 ) EM waves as! Write the expression for the velocity of the capacitor provided x 10 19 H in! Of radio waves and microwaves - Brainly.in of two circular plates remain unchanged but its wavelength when. Disturbance in the EM waves are transverse in nature electric or magnetic field check out write any four characteristics of electromagnetic waves topics below. One place to another of medium let the electromagnetic wave, the electric and magnetic is. 2.5 billion hertz per second, or 2.5 GHz the conduction and displacement currents, the. Light waves is the rms value of the outer space ( iv ) E.M. waves in. Time-Varying electric field amplitude of B at a point 3.0 cm from axis!, they are hence known as ‘ electromagnetic ’ waves and view the Solutions online of a wave are and! Of circular plates each of radius 12 cm, and separated by 5.0 mm place to another and its. Two circular plates each of radius 12 cm, and wavelength and separated by 5.0 mm and their have! The following EM waves always travel at speed of light could explain the laws of reflection and refraction parameters amplitude... Being charged by an external source ( not shown in the text comes in contact a! And the amount of information which signals can carry displacement of the oscillating magnetic field B ) current!